Journal
SURGICAL ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 79-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2013.09.008
Keywords
Rectal cancer; Neo-adjuvant chemoradiation; Short course; Long course; Complete pathologic response
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Total mesorectal excision with preoperative radiation and chemotherapy provide the lowest local recurrence rates for rectal cancer. Timing of surgery after preoperative chemoradiation is being increased to optimize tumor downstaging. In cases of complete clinical response from chemoradiatiori, permissive observation without resection is being investigated. Significant anorectal dysfunction results from low anterior resection and radiation. Good prognostic tumor characteristics are being investigated with the aim of selecting cases for whom preoperative radiation may be avoided. Preoperative and postoperative radiation provides improved local cancer control for superficial cancers removed by local excision.
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