Journal
SURGERY TODAY
Volume 43, Issue 12, Pages 1355-1364Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00595-012-0451-y
Keywords
Epigenetics; Methylation; LINE-1; Esophageal cancer
Categories
Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [23689061]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23689061] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and loss of genome imprinting play a crucial role in esophageal squamous cell carcinogenesis, along with genomic and genetic alterations. DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic process that modulates gene expression. Cancer cells exhibit two types of alterations of DNA methylation: global DNA hypomethylation and site-specific CpG island promoter hypermethylation. In several types of human cancers, the methods of detecting an aberrant methylation status have been applied to clinical fields to stratify high-risk groups, detect early cancer, and predict clinical outcomes. Importantly, epigenetic changes, including alterations in DNA methylation, are reversible and can thus be targets for cancer therapy or chemoprevention. Therefore, a better understanding of the DNA methylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is important for optimizing cancer therapy and chemoprevention. We herein summarize the current knowledge regarding alterations in DNA methylation and the clinical implications in ESCC.
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