Journal
SURFACE SCIENCE
Volume 605, Issue 17-18, Pages 1676-1684Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.susc.2011.01.026
Keywords
Monolayer graphene; Ru(0001); Ru nanoclusters; Oxygen-intercalated graphene; Scanning tunneling microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-98CH1-886]
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Ru nanoclusters self-assemble over macroscopic sample areas during vapor deposition of Ru on monolayer graphene (MLG) on Ru(0001). The Ru nanoclusters form arrays with a mean lateral cluster diameter of similar to 20 angstrom. cluster heights of 1 or 2 ML, and a size distribution that remains nearly constant with increasing coverage. Combined scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory (DFT) show that the clusters are templated by the MLG/Ru(0001) moire unit cell and identify the preferred binding site of the clusters as the low fcc region of the moire. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM contrast simulations experimentally demonstrate that the interaction of the Ru clusters with the underlying MLG/Ru(0001) leads to a local lifting of the graphene layer of the template. DFT calculations confirm this mechanism of interaction of the Ru clusters with the strongly coupled MLG/Ru(0001). Weakening of the graphene-support coupling via oxygen intercalation is shown to have a major effect on the assembly of Ru nanocluster arrays. With a preferred binding site lacking on decoupled graphene, the Ru nanoclusters grow significantly larger, and clusters with 1 to 4 ML height can coexist. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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