Journal
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
Volume 251, Issue -, Pages 226-231Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2014.04.030
Keywords
Biocompatibility; Porous surface; Anodic oxidation; E-beam coating; Protein delivery
Funding
- Technology Innovation Program (WPM Biomedical Materials - Implant Materials) [10037915]
- Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE, Korea)
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We created a hierarchical micro/nano-porous TiO2 surface layer onto a Ti substrate to enhance its biocompatibility by mimicking the hierarchical architecture of the native extracellular matrix. To accomplish this, a rough, micro-porous TiO2 layer with pore sizes in the range of 0.5-2 mu m was first formed on the surfaces of a Ti substrate using micro-arc oxidation (MAO) and then coated with a thin layer of pure Ti, similar to 0.5 mu m in thickness, using electron beam (e-beam) evaporation. Subsequently, anodic oxidation was conducted to create a uniform nano-porous TiO2 surface layer with a pore size of similar to 70 nm on the micro-porous layer. This hierarchical micro/nano-porous surface showed considerably enhanced hydrophilicity and in vitro biocompatibility compared to the dense surface and even the micro-porous and nano-porous surfaces. These improvements were attributed to the synergistic effect of micropores and nanopores created by a combination of MAO and anodic oxidation. In addition, protein adsorption capacity was remarkably improved due to the high affinity of the nano-porous TiO2 surface for proteins. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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