Journal
STRUCTURE
Volume 20, Issue 7, Pages 1264-1274Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2012.04.017
Keywords
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Funding
- National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea
- Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) [2010-0027576, 2011-0013901, 2011-0007166]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [CA67007]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0013901, 2011-0007166] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The mismatch repair (MMR) initiation protein MutS forms at least two types of sliding clamps on DNA: a transient mismatch searching clamp (similar to 1 s) and an unusually stable (similar to 600 s) ATP-bound clamp that recruits downstream MMR components. Remarkably, direct visualization of single MutS particles on mismatched DNA has not been reported. We have combined real-time particle tracking with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to image MutS diffusion dynamics on DNA containing a single mismatch. We show searching MutS rotates during diffusion independent of ionic strength or flow rate, suggesting continuous contact with the DNA backbone. In contrast, ATP-bound MutS clamps that are visually and successively released from the mismatch spin freely around the DNA, and their diffusion is affected by ionic strength and flow rate. These observations show that ATP binding alters the MutS diffusion mechanics on DNA, which has a number of implications for the mechanism of MMR.
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