Journal
CELL REPORTS
Volume 12, Issue 12, Pages 1978-1985Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.037
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Funding
- EU [259015, 602901]
- Dutch Cancer Society (KWF)
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC) [9970]
- AIRC IG [12812]
- Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro-ONLUS 5 per mille Ministero della Salute
- AIRC MFAG grant [11349]
- Farmacogenomica''-5 per mille MIUR-Fondazione Piemontese per la Ricerca sul Cancro-ONLUS
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca - progetto PRIN
- AIRC
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Most BRAF (V600E) mutant melanomas are sensitive to selective BRAF inhibitors, but BRAF mutant colon cancers are intrinsically resistant to these drugs because of feedback activation of EGFR. We performed an RNA-interference-based genetic screen in BRAF mutant colon cancer cells to search for phosphatases whose knockdown induces sensitivity to BRAF inhibition. We found that suppression of protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) confers sensitivity to BRAF inhibitors in colon cancer. Mechanistically, we found that inhibition of PTPN11 blocks signaling from receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) to the RAS-MEK-ERK pathway. PTPN11 suppression is lethal to cells that are driven by activated RTKs and prevents acquired resistance to targeted cancer drugs that results from RTK activation. Our findings identify PTPN11 as a drug target to combat both intrinsic and acquired resistance to several targeted cancer drugs. Moreover, activated PTPN11 can serve as a biomarker of drug resistance resulting from RTK activation.
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