Journal
STROKE
Volume 40, Issue 4, Pages 1169-1175Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.527788
Keywords
eclampsia; magnesium sulfate; vasodilation; blood-brain barrier; anticonvulsant
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Funding
- American Heart Association Established Investigator Award [0540081N]
- American Heart Association Northeast Affiliate Research Committee Predoctoral Fellowship [000019871]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [R01 NS045940]
- Tolman Medical Research Trust
- University of Vermont College of Medicine MD/PhD Program
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Background and Purpose-Magnesium sulfate is used extensively for prevention of eclamptic seizures. Empirical and clinical evidence supports the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate; however, questions remain as to its safety and mechanism. This review summarizes current evidence supporting the possible mechanisms of action and several controversies for magnesium sulfate treatment. Summary of Review-Several mechanisms are presented, including the effects of magnesium sulfate on peripheral and cerebral vasodilation, blood-brain barrier protection, and as an anticonvulsant. Conclusions-Though the specific mechanisms of action remain unclear, the effect of magnesium sulfate in the prevention of eclampsia is likely multi-factorial. Magnesium sulfate may act as a vasodilator, with actions in the peripheral vasculature or the cerebrovasculature, to decrease peripheral vascular resistance or relieve vasoconstriction. Additionally, magnesium sulfate may also protect the blood-brain barrier and limit cerebral edema formation, or it may act through a central anticonvulsant action. (Stroke. 2009;40:1169-1175.)
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