Fundamental Study on Interaction between Top Blown Jet and Liquid Bath

It is important to understand the physical interaction between top-blown oxygen jets and liquid steel in basic oxygen steelmaking furnaces (BOF). In the present study, cold model experiments and CFD simulations were carried out with single- and multi-hole nozzles and the velocity profiles of jets were successfully simulated. Water model experiments were also performed to study the cavity formation and the spitting phenomena by the impinging jets. The cavity shapes and the spitting behavior were correlated to the top-blowing conditions by considering the characteristics of multi-hole nozzle jets.