Journal
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
Volume 32, Issue 12, Pages 2031-2047Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/sim.5665
Keywords
competing risks; dynamic prediction; time-dependent variables; Cox proportional hazards model; landmark
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Funding
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research [ZONMW-912-07-018]
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We propose an extension of the landmark model for ordinary survival data as a new approach to the problem of dynamic prediction in competing risks with time-dependent covariates. We fix a set of landmark time points tLM within the follow-up interval. For each of these landmark time points tLM, we create a landmark data set by selecting individuals at risk at tLM; we fix the value of the time-dependent covariate in each landmark data set at tLM. We assume Cox proportional hazard models for the cause-specific hazards and consider smoothing the (possibly) time-dependent effect of the covariate for the different landmark data sets. Fitting this model is possible within the standard statistical software. We illustrate the features of the landmark modelling on a real data set on bone marrow transplantation. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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