Journal
SPEECH COMMUNICATION
Volume 52, Issue 4, Pages 270-287Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.specom.2009.08.002
Keywords
Silent speech; Speech pathologies; Cellular telephones; Speech recognition; Speech synthesis
Funding
- French Department of Defense (DGA)
- Centre de Microelectronique de Paris Ile-de-France (CEMIP)
- French National Research Agency (ANR) [ANR-06-BLAN-0166]
- ENT Consultants' Fund
- Hull and East Yorkshire Hospitals NHS Trust
- National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders [R01 DC07683, R44 DC007050-02]
- National Science Foundation [SBE-0354378]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-06-BLAN-0166] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
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The possibility of speech processing in the absence of an intelligible acoustic signal has given rise to the idea of a 'silent speech' interface, to be used as an aid for the speech-handicapped, or as part of a communications system operating in silence-required or high-background-noise environments. The article first outlines the emergence of the silent speech interface from the fields of speech production, automatic speech processing, speech pathology research, and telecommunications privacy issues, and then follows with a presentation of demonstrator systems based on seven different types of technologies. A concluding section underlining some of the common challenges faced by silent speech interface researchers, and ideas for possible future directions, is also provided. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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