Journal
BMJ OPEN
Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009346
Keywords
Clinical trials < THERAPEUTICS; STATISTICS & RESEARCH METHODS; Protocols & guidelines < HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION & MANAGEMENT
Categories
Funding
- Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises Programme from Research for Health in Humanitarian Crises [13165]
- Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking [115854]
- Medical Research Council [MR/J003999/1]
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Objectives We investigate the chance of demonstrating Ebola vaccine efficacy in an individually randomised controlled trial implemented in the declining epidemic of Forecariah prefecture, Guinea. Methods We extend a previously published dynamic transmission model to include a simulated individually randomised controlled trial of 100000 participants. Using Bayesian methods, we fit the model to Ebola case incidence before a trial and forecast the expected dynamics until disease elimination. We simulate trials under these forecasts and test potential start dates and rollout schemes to assess power to detect efficacy, and bias in vaccine efficacy estimates that may be introduced. Results Under realistic assumptions, we found that a trial of 100000 participants starting after 1 August had less than 5% chance of having enough cases to detect vaccine efficacy. In particular, gradual recruitment precludes detection of vaccine efficacy because the epidemic is likely to go extinct before enough participants are recruited. Exclusion of early cases in either arm of the trial creates bias in vaccine efficacy estimates. Conclusions The very low Ebola virus disease incidence in Forecariah prefecture means any individually randomised controlled trial implemented there is unlikely to be successful, unless there is a substantial increase in the number of cases.
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