Journal
SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS
Volume 172, Issue 1-4, Pages 241-251Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s11214-010-9741-0
Keywords
Acceleration of particles; Sun: particle emission; Sun: solar wind; Interplanetary medium; Shock waves; Turbulence
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Funding
- NASA at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [NNX07AN45G, NNX10AE45G]
- ACE data analysis at the University of Michigan [44A-1080828]
- Div Atmospheric & Geospace Sciences
- Directorate For Geosciences [0962653] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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At energies above the bulk solar wind and pick-up ion cutoff, observations reveal an interplanetary suprathermal ion population extending to similar to 1 MeV/nucleon and even higher energies. These suprathermal ions are found under a wide variety of conditions including periods when there are no obvious nearby accelerating shocks. We review the observational properties of these ions in quiet solar wind periods near 1 AU, including transient Corotating Interaction Region (CIR) events, and other, quieter periods in between transient enhancements. The particle energy spectra are power laws close to E (-1.5) in the range above the solar wind, rolling over at energies of a few hundred keV/nucleon to a few MeV/nucleon. Although the C/O and Fe/O ratios of the tails is close to that of the solar wind, pickup ions and He-3 found in the tails indicate sources distinct from the solar wind. We briefly review several mechanisms that have been proposed to explain these ions.
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