Harmonized soil profile data for applications at global and continental scales: updates to the WISE database

Version 3.1 of the ISRIC-WISE database holds selected site and horizon data for some 10 250 soil profiles from 149 countries. Profile data were extracted from a wide range of sources and harmonized with respect to the original (1974) and revised (1988) Legend of the FAO-Unesco Soil Map of the World. Profiles have been described, sampled, and analysed according to methods and standards in use in the originating countries; analytical results for the same property cannot always be compared directly; as a result the amount of measured data available for modelling is sometimes much less than expected. WISE was specifically developed for land-related applications at continental and global scales.