Journal
SOFT MATTER
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 17-27Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2sm26245b
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Funding
- Royal Society
- EPSRC [EP/D071070/1]
- NSF [NSF CHE-0910707]
- EPSRC [EP/J007404/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/D071070/1, EP/J007404/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0910707] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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We recently reviewed the experimental determination of the volume fraction, phi, of hard-sphere colloids, and concluded that the absolute value of phi was unlikely to be known to better than +/- 3-6%. Here, in a second part to that review, we survey effects due to softness in the interparticle potential, which necessitates the use of an effective volume fraction. We review current experimental systems, and conclude that the one that most closely approximates hard spheres remains polymethylmethacrylate spheres sterically stabilised by polyhydroxystearic acid 'hairs'. For these particles their effective hard sphere diameter is around 1-10% larger than the core diameter, depending on the particle size. We argue that for larger colloids suitable for confocal microscopy, the effect of electrostatic charge cannot be neglected, so that mapping to hard spheres must be treated with caution.
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