Journal
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 8, Issue 6, Pages 609-616Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/scan/nss038
Keywords
periaqueductal gray; emotion; affect; pain; fMRI
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Funding
- National Institute of Mental Health [NIH MH076137, NIH MH076136, NIH RC1DA028608, NIH R01DA027794]
- National Institute of Drug Addiction [NIDA DA022541, NSF 0631637]
- Mind and Life Institute, through a 2005 Mind and Life Summer Research Institute
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Human neuroimaging offers a powerful way to connect animal and human research on emotion, with profound implications for psychological science. However, the gulf between animal and human studies remains a formidable obstacle: human studies typically focus on the cortex and a few subcortical regions such as the amygdala, whereas deeper structures such as the brainstem periaqueductal gray (PAG) play a key role in animal models. Here, we directly assessed the role of PAG in human affect by interleaving in a single fMRI session two conditions known to elicit strong emotional responses-physical pain and negative image viewing. Negative affect and PAG activity increased in both conditions. We next examined eight independent data sets, half featuring pain stimulation and half negative image viewing. In sum, these data sets comprised 198 additional participants. We found increased activity in PAG in all eight studies. Taken together, these findings suggest PAG is a key component of human affective responses.
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