Journal
SMALL
Volume 7, Issue 6, Pages 804-811Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001745
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Funding
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-CW)
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- National Research Council Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Province of Saskatchewan, Western Economic Diversification Canada
- University of Saskatchewan
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Photonic crystals consisting of nano-to micrometer-sized building blocks, such as multiple sorts of colloids, have recently received widespread attention. It remains a challenge, however, to adequately probe the internal crystal structure and the corresponding deformations that inhibit the proper functioning of such materials. It is shown that scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) can directly reveal the local structure, orientations, and even deformations in polystyrene and silica colloidal crystals with 30-nm spatial resolution. Moreover, STXM is capable of imaging a diverse range of crystals, including those that are dry and inverted, and provides novel insights complementary to information obtained by benchmark confocal fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy techniques.
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