Journal
SLEEP MEDICINE
Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 386-392Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2009.09.009
Keywords
Sleep disturbance; Sleep duration; Cognitive performance; Children; Actigraphy
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Funding
- Academy of Finland
- University of Helsinki
- European Science Foundation (EUROStress)
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Finnish Foundation for Pediatric Research
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
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Objective: The present study examined how sleep duration and sleep quality are associated with cognitive performance in 8-year-old children using standardized neurocognitive tests. Methods: Two hundred ninety children aged 7.4-8.8 years participated in the study. Sleep duration and quality were measured using actigraphs and the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Parents. Cognitive performance was measured using four subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III, the Beery Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI), and the Narrative memory subtest of the Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment for Children. Results: When adjusting for age, sex, and maternal education, shorter sleep duration, but not sleep quality, was associated with lower visuospatial abilities (p-values <= 0.043). Sleep duration and quality were not associated with verbal abilities (p-values >= 0.18). With regard to the individual test results, shorter sleep duration was associated with worse performance in Visual-Motor Integration (p = 0.028), and when excluding children with high depression scores the same was also true with Block Design (p-values <= 0.047). Moreover, poor sleep efficiency was associated with worse performance in Similarities (p = 0.004). Conclusions: In a community sample of 8-year-old children, those who slept less or had poorer sleep quality had lower test scores in cognitive tasks, particularly those pertaining to visuospatial performance, although the association was not very strong. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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