Journal
SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
Volume 7, Issue 1-3, Pages 115-125Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000342009
Keywords
Gobiid fish; Gonadal sex differentiation; Sex change; Sex determination; Tilapia; Wrasse
Categories
Funding
- Solution Oriented Research for Science and Technology (SORST)
- Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST)
- Ocean Exposition Commemorative Park Management Foundation
- Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS)
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, and Technology [23658166, 23248034]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23248034] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Among vertebrates, fishes show an exceptional range of reproductive strategies regarding the expression of their sexuality. Fish sexualities were categorized into gonochorism, synchronous/sequential hermaphrodite, or unisexual reproduction. In gonochoristic fishes, sex is determined genetically or by environmental factors. After sex determination, the gonads are differentiated into ovary or testis, with the sex remaining fixed for the entire life cycle. In contrast, some sequential hermaphrodite fishes can change their sex from male to female (protandrous), female to male (protogynous), or serially (bi-directional sex change) in their life cycle. In many cases, sex change is cued by social factors such as the disappearance of a male or female from a group. This unique diversity in fishes provides an ideal animal model to investigate sex determination and differentiation in vertebrates. This review first discusses genetic-orientated sex determination mechanisms. Then, we address the gonadal sex differentiation process in a gonochoristic fish, using an example of the Nile tilapia. Finally, we discuss various types of sex change that occur in hermaphrodite fishes. Copyright (c) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel
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