Journal
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
Volume 160, Issue 1, Pages 1363-1371Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2011.09.079
Keywords
Glucose sensor; Smart hydrogel; Boronic acid; Monosaccharides; SANS
Funding
- NICHD, NIH
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce
- National Science Foundation [DMR-0944772]
- National Institutes of Health NHLBI/NIBIB [5R21EB008571-02]
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Because the botanic acid moiety reversibly binds to sugar molecules and has low cytotoxicity, boronic acid-containing hydrogels are being used in a variety of implantable glucose sensors under development, including sensors based on optical, fluorescence, and swelling pressure measurements. However, some method of glucose selectivity enhancement is often necessary, because isolated boronic acid molecules have a binding constant with glucose that is some 40 times smaller than their binding constant with fructose, the second most abundant sugar in the human body. In many cases, glucose selectivity enhancement is obtained by incorporating pendant tertiary amines into the hydrogel network, thereby giving rise to a hydrogel that is zwitterionic at physiological pH. However, the mechanism by which incorporation of tertiary amines confers selectivity enhancement is poorly understood. In order to clarify this mechanism, we use the osmotic deswelling technique to compare the thermodynamic interactions of glucose and fructose with a zwitterionic smart hydrogel containing boronic acid moieties. We also investigate the change in the structure of the hydrogel that occurs when it binds to glucose or to fructose using the technique of small angle neutron scattering. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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