Journal
SENSORS
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages 8595-8611Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s130708595
Keywords
hemoglobin; direct electrochemistry; functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes; gold nanoparticles; nanocomplex
Funding
- Henan University Science Foundation
- Research Council of University of Tehran
- Iran National Science Foundation (INSF)
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Direct electron transfer of hemoglobin (Hb) was realized by immobilizing Hb on a carboxyl functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (FMWCNTs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) nanocomplex-modified glassy carbon electrode. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) methods were utilized for additional characterization of the AuNPs and FMWCNTs. The cyclic voltammogram of the modified electrode has a pair of well-defined quasi-reversible redox peaks with a formal potential of -0.270 +/- 0.002 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) at a scan rate of 0.05 V/s. The heterogeneous electron transfer constant (ks) was evaluated to be 4.0 +/- 0.2 s(-1). The average surface concentration of electro-active Hb on the surface of the modified glassy carbon electrode was calculated to be 6.8 +/- 0.3 x 10(-10) mol cm(-2). The cathodic peak current of the modified electrode increased linearly with increasing concentration of hydrogen peroxide (from 0.05 nM to 1 nM) with a detection limit of 0.05 +/- 0.01 nM. The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (K-m(app)) was calculated to be 0.85 +/- 0.1 nM. Thus, the modified electrode could be applied as a third generation biosensor with high sensitivity, long-term stability and low detection limit.
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