Journal
SENSORS
Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 2478-2487Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/s110302478
Keywords
polymer of intrinsic microporosity; organic semiconductor; distributed feedback laser; explosive detection; chemosensors
Funding
- UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/F05999X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- EPSRC [EP/F05999X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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This work explores the use of a polymer of intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1) as the active layer within a laser sensor to detect nitroaromatic-based explosive vapors. We show successful detection of dinitrobenzene (DNB) by monitoring the real-time photoluminescence. We also show that PIM-1 has an inherent memory, so that it accumulates the analyte during exposure. In addition, the optical gain and refractive index of the polymer were studied by amplified spontaneous emission and variable-angle ellipsometry, respectively. A second-order distributed feedback PIM-1 laser sensor was fabricated and found to show an increase in laser threshold of 2.5 times and a reduction of the laser slope efficiency by 4.4 times after a 5-min exposure to the DNB vapor. For pumping at 2 times threshold, the lasing action was stopped within 30 s indicating that PIM-1 has a very fast responsivity and as such has a potential sensing ability for ultra-low-concentration explosives.
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