Journal
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Volume 31, Issue 4, Pages 390-403Publisher
THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1262208
Keywords
Sarcoidosis; granulomatous; innate immunity; macrophages; lymphocytes; dendritic cells
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Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disorder characterized by an accumulation of T lymphocytes, macrophages, and immune-effector cells within affected organs. The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis involves a complex interplay between immune and nonimmune cells, with myriad cytokines and chemokines involved in the orchestration and evolution of the granulomatous/fibrotic process. The etiology of sarcoidosis is not known, but a granulomatous response to antigen(s) is likely. Genetic polymorphisms influence the susceptibility to sarcoidosis as well as the evolution/prognosis of the disease among patients with sarcoidosis. This article discusses the complex immunological events and immune effector cells that are critical to the induction, evolution, and resolution of the sarcoid granulomatous response.
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