Journal
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue 3, Pages 237-253Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-008-0126-3
Keywords
phagocytes; neutrophilic granulocytes; killing; NADPH oxidase; reactive oxygen species; ion movements
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NADPH oxidase of the phagocytic cells (Nox2) transfers electrons from cytosolic NADPH to molecular oxygen in the extracellular or intraphagosomal space. The produced superoxide anion (O-2(center dot-)) provides the source for formation of all toxic oxygen derivatives, but continuous O-2(center dot-) generation depends on adequate charge compensation. The vital role of Nox2 in efficient elimination of microorganisms is clearly indicated by human pathology as insufficient activity of the enzyme results in severe, recurrent bacterial infections, the typical symptoms of chronic granulomatous disease. The goals of this contribution are to provide critical review of the Nox2-dependent cellular processes that potentially contribute to bacterial killing and degradation and to indicate possible targets of pharmacological interventions.
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