Journal
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 23, Issue 2, Pages 146-153Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2011.01.010
Keywords
Microbial flora; Th17; Treg; Segmented filamentous bacteria
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
- Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation
- Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [23790524] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The mammalian alimentary tract harbors hundreds of bacterial species that constitute the indigenous microbial flora. The indigenous microbial flora has long been appreciated for its role in host immune system development. Recent reports suggest that components of the microbial flora differentially affect the proportion and number of functionally distinct subsets of T cells in the intestine. Substantial changes in the composition of the microbiota are associated with inflammatory bowel disease. This review will discuss the importance of individual species of microbial flora in the induction of T cell subsets, particularly TM17 cells and regulatory T (Treg) cells in the intestine. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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