Journal
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 21, Issue 2, Pages 92-98Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2009.02.002
Keywords
Infection; Pathogen; Transcription factor; Immune response
Categories
Funding
- Cancer Research Institute
- Pew Scholar Award
- California Breast Cancer Research Program Award
- National Institutes of Health
- Leukemia and Lymphoma Career Development Fellowship
- Prevent Cancer Foundation
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One outcome of infection is the formation of long-lived immunological memory, which provides durable protection from symptomatic re-infection. In response to infection or vaccination, T cells undergo dramatic proliferation and differentiate into effector T cells that mediate removal of the pathogen. Following pathogen clearance, the majority of effector cells die, restoring lymphocyte homeostasis. However, a small number of antigen-specific cells survive and seed the memory T cell population. Here, we focus on recent advances in identifying the key proteins and transcription factors that allow a portion of effector CD8(+) T cells to persist after contraction of the immune response, forming a memory cell population programmed for long-term self-renewal and survival. We also examine new findings addressing the role of environmental cues such as cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules in CD8(+) memory T cell formation and how the cell-extrinsic cues influence the molecular players of intracellular pathways important for memory formation. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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