Journal
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 22, Issue 7, Pages 713-719Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.08.008
Keywords
14-3-3 Proteins; Metabolism; Tyrosine hydroxylase; Membrane association; Cell signaling
Categories
Funding
- Research Council of Norway
- Kristian Gerhard Jebsen Foundation
- Norwegian Cancer Society
- Western Norway Health Authorities
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Thirty years ago, it was discovered that 14-3-3 proteins could activate enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism. In the following decades, 14-3-3s have been shown to be involved in many different signaling pathways that modulate cellular and whole body energy and nutrient homeostasis. Large scale screening for cellular binding partners of 14-3-3 has identified numerous proteins that participate in regulation of metabolic pathways, although only a minority of these targets have yet been subject to detailed studies. Because of the wide distribution of potential 14-3-3 targets and the resurging interest in metabolic pathway control in diseases like cancer, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease, we review the role of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of core and specialized cellular metabolic functions. We cite illustrative examples of 14-3-3 action through their direct modulation of individual enzymes and through regulation of master switches in cellular pathways, such as insulin signaling, mTOR- and AMP dependent kinase signaling pathways, as well as regulation of autophagy. We further illustrate the quantitative impact of 14-3-3 association on signal response at the target protein level and we discuss implications of recent findings showing 14-3-3 protein membrane binding of target proteins. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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