Transgenic orchids

Breeding orchids through traditional means is a lengthy process. Therefore, it would be advantageous if transgenic technologies could be applied for orchids to improve important traits such as novel flower colour, fragrance and shape, cut-flower longevity and flowering control, abiotic stress tolerance and resistance to pests and diseases. Even though there are several genetic transformation techniques available to orchid breeders, only two (Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and particle bombardment) have been successfully and consistently used thus far. This review aims to capture the full range of studies conducted on orchid transformation with a view of providing new perspectives for future molecular breeding programmes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.