Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 361, Issue 6405, Pages 899-903Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aat5449
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy [DE-SC0015539]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0015539] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
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Fluid injection can cause extensive earthquake activity, sometimes at unexpectedly large distances. Appropriately mitigating associated seismic hazards requires a better understanding of the zone of influence of injection. We analyze spatial seismicity decay in a global dataset of 18 induced cases with clear association between isolated wells and earthquakes. We distinguish two populations. The first is characterized by near-well seismicity density plateaus and abrupt decay, dominated by square-root space-time migration and pressure diffusion. Injection at these sites occurs within the crystalline basement. The second population exhibits larger spatial footprints and magnitudes, as well as a power law-like, steady spatial decay over more than 10 kilometers, potentially caused by poroelastic effects. Far-reaching spatial effects during injection may increase event magnitudes and seismic hazard beyond expectations based on purely pressure-driven seismicity.
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