Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 345, Issue 6201, Pages 1177-1180Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1254961
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Funding
- NSF [08-06377, 0806414]
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate and Global Change fellowship program
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche through grants ANR VMC NEEM and ANR CEPS GREENLAND
- U.S. NSF P2C2 program
- Office of Science of the Department of Energy [DE-AC05-OOOR22725]
- Belgium (FNRS-CFB)
- FWO
- Canada (NRCan/GSC)
- China (CAS)
- Denmark (FIST)
- France (IPEV)
- CNRS/INSU
- CEA
- ANR
- Germany (AWI)
- Iceland (RannIs)
- Japan (NIPR)
- Korea (KOPRI)
- Netherlands (NWO/ALW)
- Sweden (VR)
- Switzerland (SNF)
- United Kingdom (NERC)
- USA (U.S. NSF, Office of Polar Programs)
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP) [0806387] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering
- Office Of The Director [0968391] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office of Polar Programs (OPP)
- Directorate For Geosciences [0806414] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Greenland ice core water isotopic composition (delta O-18) provides detailed evidence for abrupt climate changes but is by itself insufficient for quantitative reconstruction of past temperatures and their spatial patterns. We investigate Greenland temperature evolution during the last deglaciation using independent reconstructions from three ice cores and simulations with a coupled ocean-atmosphere climate model. Contrary to the traditional delta O-18 interpretation, the Younger Dryas period was 4.5 degrees +/- 2 degrees C warmer than the Oldest Dryas, due to increased carbon dioxide forcing and summer insolation. The magnitude of abrupt temperature changes is larger in central Greenland (9 degrees to 14 degrees C) than in the northwest (5 degrees to 9 degrees C), fingerprinting a North Atlantic origin. Simulated changes in temperature seasonality closely track changes in the Atlantic overturning strength and support the hypothesis that abrupt climate change is mostly a winter phenomenon.
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