Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 345, Issue 6197, Pages 665-668Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1252332
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Funding
- National Science Foundation [OCE-0851483, OCE-1242313, OCE-0727123, OCE-0624777]
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF3775]
- U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program
- Climate Center of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)
- Directorate For Geosciences [1232779] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [1232779] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Climate warming is expected to reduce oxygen (O-2) supply to the ocean and expand its oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). We reconstructed variations in the extent of North Pacific anoxia since 1850 using a geochemical proxy for denitrification (delta N-15) from multiple sediment cores. Increasing delta N-15 since similar to 1990 records an expansion of anoxia, consistent with observed O-2 trends. However, this was preceded by a longer declining delta N-15 trend that implies that the anoxic zone was shrinking for most of the 20th century. Both periods can be explained by changes in winds over the tropical Pacific that drive upwelling, biological productivity, and O-2 demand within the OMZ. If equatorial Pacific winds resume their predicted weakening trend, the ocean's largest anoxic zone will contract despite a global O-2 decline.
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