Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 344, Issue 6191, Pages 1481-1486Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1252254
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Funding
- European Research Council Grant (ERC-AdG) [250106]
- European Research Council (ERC) [250106] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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The prefrontal cortex (PFC) subserves reasoning in the service of adaptive behavior. Little is known, however, about the architecture of reasoning processes in the PFC. Using computational modeling and neuroimaging, we show here that the human PFC has two concurrent inferential tracks: (i) one from ventromedial to dorsomedial PFC regions that makes probabilistic inferences about the reliability of the ongoing behavioral strategy and arbitrates between adjusting this strategy versus exploring new ones from long-term memory, and (ii) another from polar to lateral PFC regions that makes probabilistic inferences about the reliability of two or three alternative strategies and arbitrates between exploring new strategies versus exploiting these alternative ones. The two tracks interact and, along with the striatum, realize hypothesis testing for accepting versus rejecting newly created strategies.
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