Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 346, Issue 6205, Pages 98-101Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1254536
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Funding
- NIH [R01AI084913, T32AI007313, F30DK100159]
- NIH Director's New Innovator Award Program [DP2-OD-006467]
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The pathogen recognition theory dictates that, upon viral infection, the innate immune system first detects microbial products and then responds by providing instructions to adaptive CD8 T cells. Here, we show in mice that tissue resident memory CD8 T cells (T-RM cells), non-recirculating cells located at common sites of infection, can achieve near-sterilizing immunity against viral infections by reversing this flow of information. Upon antigen resensitization within the mouse female reproductive mucosae, CD8(+) T-RM cells secrete cytokines that trigger rapid adaptive and innate immune responses, including local humoral responses, maturation of local dendritic cells, and activation of natural killer cells. This provided near-sterilizing immunity against an antigenically unrelated viral infection. Thus, CD8(+) T-RM cells rapidly trigger an antiviral state by amplifying receptor-derived signals from previously encountered pathogens.
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