Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 341, Issue 6146, Pages 673-677Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1241680
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Funding
- Empire State Stem Cell Fund through New York State Department of Health [C023046]
- NIH Medical Scientist Training Program [T32GM07739]
- NIH [5DP5OD012146-02, AI037526-19, AI072529-06, AI100663-01]
- March of Dimes Foundation Basil O'Connor Award
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T follicular helper (T-FH) cells are a specialized subset of effector T cells that provide help to and thereby select high-affinity B cells in germinal centers (GCs). To examine the dynamic behavior of T-FH cells in GCs in mice, we used two-photon microscopy in combination with a photoactivatable fluorescent reporter. Unlike GC B cells, which are clonally restricted, T-FH cells distributed among all GCs in lymph nodes and continually emigrated into the follicle and neighboring GCs. Moreover, newly activated T-FH cells invaded preexisting GCs, where they contributed to B cell selection and plasmablast differentiation. Our data suggest that the dynamic exchange of T-FH cells between GCs ensures maximal diversification of T cell help and that their ability to enter ongoing GCs accommodates antigenic variation during the immune response.
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