Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 341, Issue 6145, Pages 569-573Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1241165
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Funding
- National Research Service Award (NRSA) [F32DK095506]
- NRSA [F32DK098826]
- Burroughs Wellcome Career in Medical Sciences Award
- Searle Scholars Award
- Cancer Research Institute
- Harvard University
- [R01CA154426]
- [K08AI078942]
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Regulatory T cells (T-regs) that express the transcription factor Foxp3 are critical for regulating intestinal inflammation. Candidate microbe approaches have identified bacterial species and strain-specific molecules that can affect intestinal immune responses, including species that modulate T-reg responses. Because neither all humans nor mice harbor the same bacterial strains, we posited that more prevalent factors exist that regulate the number and function of colonic T-regs. We determined that short-chain fatty acids, gut microbiota-derived bacterial fermentation products, regulate the size and function of the colonic T-reg pool and protect against colitis in a Ffar2-dependent manner in mice. Our study reveals that a class of abundant microbial metabolites underlies adaptive immune microbiota coadaptation and promotes colonic homeostasis and health.
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