Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 337, Issue 6098, Pages 1081-1084Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1221636
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Funding
- Heald family
- NIH [R01-GM086496, R01-GM079530]
- NSF [EF-0723447, 1011167, 1110445]
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO)
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Environmental Biology [1110445, 1011167] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Identification of the causal genes that control complex trait variation remains challenging, limiting our appreciation of the evolutionary processes that influence polymorphisms in nature. We cloned a quantitative trait locus that controls plant defensive chemistry, damage by insect herbivores, survival, and reproduction in the natural environments where this polymorphism evolved. These ecological effects are driven by duplications in the BCMA (branched-chain methionine allocation) loci controlling this variation and by two selectively favored amino acid changes in the glucosinolate-biosynthetic cytochrome P450 proteins that they encode. These changes cause a gain of novel enzyme function, modulated by allelic differences in catalytic rate and gene copy number. Ecological interactions in diverse environments likely contribute to the widespread polymorphism of this biochemical function.
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