Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 334, Issue 6052, Pages 75-79Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1209150
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Funding
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Honda Initiation Grant
- Clemson Univ.
- NASA [NNX09CD29P]
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The identification of similarities in the material requirements for applications of interest and those of living organisms provides opportunities to use renewable natural resources to develop better materials and design better devices. In our work, we harness this strategy to build high-capacity silicon (Si) nanopowder-based lithium (Li)-ion batteries with improved performance characteristics. Si offers more than one order of magnitude higher capacity than graphite, but it exhibits dramatic volume changes during electrochemical alloying and de-alloying with Li, which typically leads to rapid anode degradation. We show that mixing Si nanopowder with alginate, a natural polysaccharide extracted from brown algae, yields a stable battery anode possessing reversible capacity eight times higher than that of the state-of-the-art graphitic anodes.
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