Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 333, Issue 6039, Pages 192-196Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1203223
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Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FOR 1182]
- Max Planck Society
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/F017413/2]
- Leverhulme Trust
- Royal Society
- Julich Supercomputing Centre [HGU16]
- Grand Equipement National de Calcul Intensif-Institut du Developpement et des Ressources en Informatique Scientifique [2010-1119, 2011-1119]
- International Max Planck Research School for the Physics of Biological and Complex Systems
- Gottinger Graduate School for Neurosciences and Molecular Biosciences
- EPSRC [EP/F017413/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/F017413/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Shear flows undergo a sudden transition from laminar to turbulent motion as the velocity increases, and the onset of turbulence radically changes transport efficiency and mixing properties. Even for the well-studied case of pipe flow, it has not been possible to determine at what Reynolds number the motion will be either persistently turbulent or ultimately laminar. We show that in pipes, turbulence that is transient at low Reynolds numbers becomes sustained at a distinct critical point. Through extensive experiments and computer simulations, we were able to identify and characterize the processes ultimately responsible for sustaining turbulence. In contrast to the classical Landau-Ruelle-Takens view that turbulence arises from an increase in the temporal complexity of fluid motion, here, spatial proliferation of chaotic domains is the decisive process and intrinsic to the nature of fluid turbulence.
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