Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 333, Issue 6047, Pages 1296-1300Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1203690
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Funding
- NSF [EF-826924, OCE-0821374]
- Maine Technology Institute (Bigelow Laboratory)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [CSP77]
- David and Lucille Packard Foundation
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- Dutch Science Fund-Earth and Life Sciences
- Austrian Science Fund-FWF
- European Science Foundation
- Marie Curie project ARCADIA
- Office of Science of the DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- Emerging Frontiers
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0826924] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [I 486, Z 194] Funding Source: researchfish
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [Z194] Funding Source: Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
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Recent studies suggest that unidentified prokaryotes fix inorganic carbon at globally significant rates in the immense dark ocean. Using single-cell sorting and whole-genome amplification of prokaryotes from two subtropical gyres, we obtained genomic DNA from 738 cells representing most cosmopolitan lineages. Multiple cells of Deltaproteobacteria cluster SAR324, Gammaproteobacteria clusters ARCTIC96BD-19 and Agg47, and some Oceanospirillales from the lower mesopelagic contained ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase and sulfur oxidation genes. These results corroborated community DNA and RNA profiling from diverse geographic regions. The SAR324 genomes also suggested C(1) metabolism and a particle-associated life-style. Microautoradiography and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed bicarbonate uptake and particle association of SAR324 cells. Our study suggests potential chemolithoautotrophy in several uncultured Proteobacteria lineages that are ubiquitous in the dark oxygenated ocean and provides new perspective on carbon cycling in the ocean's largest habitat.
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