Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 333, Issue 6042, Pages 646-648Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1205760
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Funding
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation's (CSIRO's) Office of the Chief Executive (OCE)
- U.S. Department of Energy-Joint Genome Institute Community Sequencing Program
- Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
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The Tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) harbors unique gut bacteria and produces only one-fifth the amount of methane produced by ruminants per unit of digestible energy intake. We have isolated a dominant bacterial species (WG-1) from the wallaby microbiota affiliated with the family Succinivibrionaceae and implicated in lower methane emissions from starch-containing diets. This was achieved by using a partial reconstruction of the bacterium's metabolism from binned metagenomic data (nitrogen and carbohydrate utilization pathways and antibiotic resistance) to devise cultivation-based strategies that produced axenic WG-1 cultures. Pure-culture studies confirm that the bacterium is capnophilic and produces succinate, further explaining a microbiological basis for lower methane emissions from macropodids. This knowledge also provides new strategic targets for redirecting fermentation and reducing methane production in livestock.
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