Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 332, Issue 6036, Pages 1413-1417Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1204774
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Funding
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- Spanish MICIIN (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) [AYA2009-10701, IT-464-07]
- NASA
- STFC [ST/I001948/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I001948/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- UK Space Agency [ST/J002755/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Saturn's slow seasonal evolution was disrupted in 2010-2011 by the eruption of a bright storm in its northern spring hemisphere. Thermal infrared spectroscopy showed that within a month, the resulting planetary-scale disturbance had generated intense perturbations of atmospheric temperatures, winds, and composition between 20 degrees and 50 degrees N over an entire hemisphere (140,000 kilometers). The tropospheric storm cell produced effects that penetrated hundreds of kilometers into Saturn's stratosphere (to the 1-millibar region). Stratospheric subsidence at the edges of the disturbance produced beacons of infrared emission and longitudinal temperature contrasts of 16 kelvin. The disturbance substantially altered atmospheric circulation, transporting material vertically over great distances, modifying stratospheric zonal jets, exciting wave activity and turbulence, and generating a new cold anticyclonic oval in the center of the disturbance at 41 degrees N.
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