Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 330, Issue 6008, Pages 1238-1240Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1195320
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Funding
- James S. McDonnell Foundation Recovery from Amblyopia network
- NIH [1 DP1 OD 003699-01]
- Ellison Medical Foundation
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- California Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program
- Japanese Society for Promotion of Science
- [DA-17279]
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Experience-dependent brain plasticity typically declines after an early critical period during which circuits are established. Loss of plasticity with closure of the critical period limits improvement of function in adulthood, but the mechanisms that change the brain's plasticity remain poorly understood. Here, we identified an increase in expression of Lynx1 protein in mice that prevented plasticity in the primary visual cortex late in life. Removal of this molecular brake enhanced nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling. Lynx1 expression thus maintains stability of mature cortical networks in the presence of cholinergic innervation. The results suggest that modulating the balance between excitatory and inhibitory circuits reactivates visual plasticity and may present a therapeutic target.
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