Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 328, Issue 5977, Pages 476-480Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1182977
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Funding
- NSF [CAREER DMR-0548232]
- UW-Madison NSEC [NSF DMR 0425880, NSF DMR 0832760]
- Research Corporation
- DuPont Young Professor Grant
- Sloan Research Fellowship
- 3M Graduate Research Fellowship
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [832760] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Single-crystal nanotubes are commonly observed, but their formation is often not understood. We show that nanotube growth can be driven by axial screw dislocations: Self-perpetuating growth spirals enable anisotropic growth, and the dislocation strain energy overcomes the surface energy required for creating a new inner surface forming hollow tubes spontaneously. This was demonstrated through solution-grown zinc oxide nanotubes and nanowires by controlling supersaturation using a flow reactor and confirmed using microstructural characterization. The agreement between experimental growth kinetics and those predicted from fundamental crystal growth theories confirms that the growth of these nanotubes is driven by dislocations.
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