Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 324, Issue 5926, Pages 528-532Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1167936
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Funding
- National Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health
- U.S. Department of Agricultures Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS)
- Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (USDA CSREES)
- Research Council of Norway
- American Angus Association
- American Hereford Association
- American Jersey Cattle Association
- AgResearch (New Zealand)
- Australian Brahman Breeders Association
- Beefmaster Breeders United
- The Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa)
- Brown Swiss Association
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
- Dairy InSight
- GENO Breeding and Artificial Insemination Association-Norway
- Herd Book/France Limousin Selection
- Holstein Association USA
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)-United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/IAEA Vienna
- International Livestock Research Institute-Kenya
- Italian Piedmontese Breeders-Parco Tecnologico Padano
- Italian Romagnola Society-Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- Livestock Improvement Corporation
- Meat and Wool New Zealand
- North American Limousin Foundation
- Red Angus Association of America
- Roslin Institute for UK Guernsey
- Sygen (now Genus)
- BBSRC [BBS/E/D/05191130, BBS/E/R/00001618, BBS/E/R/00001610] Funding Source: UKRI
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BBS/E/R/00001618, BBS/E/R/00000673, BBS/E/R/00001610, BBS/B/05710, BBS/E/D/05191130] Funding Source: researchfish
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The imprints of domestication and breed development on the genomes of livestock likely differ from those of companion animals. A deep draft sequence assembly of shotgun reads from a single Hereford female and comparative sequences sampled from six additional breeds were used to develop probes to interrogate 37,470 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 497 cattle from 19 geographically and biologically diverse breeds. These data show that cattle have undergone a rapid recent decrease in effective population size from a very large ancestral population, possibly due to bottlenecks associated with domestication, selection, and breed formation. Domestication and artificial selection appear to have left detectable signatures of selection within the cattle genome, yet the current levels of diversity within breeds are at least as great as exists within humans.
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