4.8 Article

The Tasmanian Devil Transcriptome Reveals Schwann Cell Origins of a Clonally Transmissible Cancer

Journal

SCIENCE
Volume 327, Issue 5961, Pages 84-87

Publisher

AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1180616

Keywords

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Funding

  1. NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [P01CA013106] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  2. NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [R01HG004037] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  3. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM062534] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
  4. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
  5. NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA013106, P01 CA013106-38] Funding Source: Medline
  6. NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG004037] Funding Source: Medline
  7. NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM062534, R01 GM062534-10] Funding Source: Medline

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The Tasmanian devil, a marsupial carnivore, is endangered because of the emergence of a transmissible cancer known as devil facial tumor disease (DFTD). This fatal cancer is clonally derived and is an allograft transmitted between devils by biting. We performed a large-scale genetic analysis of DFTD with microsatellite genotyping, a mitochondrial genome analysis, and deep sequencing of the DFTD transcriptome and microRNAs. These studies confirm that DFTD is a monophyletic clonally transmissible tumor and suggest that the disease is of Schwann cell origin. On the basis of these results, we have generated a diagnostic marker for DFTD and identify a suite of genes relevant to DFTD pathology and transmission. We provide a genomic data set for the Tasmanian devil that is applicable to cancer diagnosis, disease evolution, and conservation biology.

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