Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 325, Issue 5936, Pages 58-61Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1172339
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Funding
- NASA
- Canadian Space Agency
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/G008485/1, PP/D002354/1, PP/D002192/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/G008485/1, PP/D002354/1, PP/D002192/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The Phoenix mission investigated patterned ground and weather in the northern arctic region of Mars for 5 months starting 25 May 2008 (solar longitude between 76.5 degrees and 148 degrees). A shallow ice table was uncovered by the robotic arm in the center and edge of a nearby polygon at depths of 5 to 18 centimeters. In late summer, snowfall and frost blanketed the surface at night; H2O ice and vapor constantly interacted with the soil. The soil was alkaline (pH = 7.7) and contained CaCO3, aqueous minerals, and salts up to several weight percent in the indurated surface soil. Their formation likely required the presence of water.
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