Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 321, Issue 5891, Pages 949-952Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1154499
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- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/C518465/2] Funding Source: researchfish
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Earth's surface chemical environment has evolved from an early anoxic condition to the oxic state we have today. Transitional between an earlier Proterozoic world with widespread deep- water anoxia and a Phanerozoic world with large oxygen- utilizing animals, the Neoproterozoic Era [ 1000 to 542 million years ago ( Ma)] plays a key role in this history. The details of Neoproterozoic Earth surface oxygenation, however, remain unclear. We report that through much of the later Neoproterozoic (< 742 +/- 6 Ma), anoxia remained widespread beneath the mixed layer of the oceans; deeper water masses were sometimes sulfidic but were mainly Fe2+- enriched. These ferruginous conditions marked a return to ocean chemistry not seen for more than one billion years of Earth history.
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