Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 321, Issue 5887, Pages 411-413Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1159519
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Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [S10 RR019895, RR19895-02] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HV28186, N01HV28186] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R33 DK07027] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM068819, T32 GM007223, GM 068819, T32GM007223] Funding Source: Medline
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Cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (di-GMP) is a circular RNA dinucleotide that functions as a second messenger in diverse species of bacteria to trigger wide-ranging physiological changes, including cell differentiation, conversion between motile and biofilm lifestyles, and virulence gene expression. However, the mechanisms by which cyclic di-GMP regulates gene expression have remained a mystery. We found that cyclic di-GMP in many bacterial species is sensed by a riboswitch class in messenger RNA that controls the expression of genes involved in numerous fundamental cellular processes. A variety of cyclic di-GMP regulons are revealed, including some riboswitches associated with virulence gene expression, pilus formation, and flagellum biosynthesis. In addition, sequences matching the consensus for cyclic di-GMP riboswitches are present in the genome of a bacteriophage.
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