Highly efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates from carbon dioxide and epoxides catalyzed by ionic liquid [Heemim][ZrCl5]

A facile and efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates by cycloaddition reaction is described. Treatment of epoxides with carbon dioxide in the presence of [Heemim][ZrCl5] under solvent-and additive-free conditions gives the corresponding cyclic carbonates in good to high yields and selectivity. Furthermore, the catalyst can be recycled or reused without any significant loss of catalytic activity. Additionally, the possible mechanism of cycloaddition in the catalytic system is also proposed.