Journal
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
Volume 141, Issue 1, Pages 15-21Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2012.07.017
Keywords
Salience attribution; Salience network; Anterior insula; Anterior cingulate cortex; Voxel-based morphometry; Resting-state functional connectivity
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Funding
- National 973 Program of China [2011CB707800, 2009CB918303]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81071092, 30971053, 30830046, 81000587]
- National Institution of Health [K01MH086621]
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A salience network (SN), mainly composed of the anterior insula (AI) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), has been suggested to play an important role in salience attribution which has been proposed as central to the pathology of paranoid schizophrenia. The role of this SN in the pathophysiology of paranoid schizophrenia, however, still remains unclear. In the present study, voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity analyses were combined to identify morphological and functional abnormalities in the proposed SN in the early-stage of paranoid schizophrenia (ESPS). Voxel-based morphometry and resting-state functional connectivity analyses were applied to 90 ESPS patients and 90 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationships between various clinical variables and both gray matter morphology and functional connectivity within the SN in ESPS. Compared to the HC group, the ESPS group showed significantly reduced gray matter volume (GMV) in both bilateral AI and ACC. Moreover, significantly reduced functional connectivity within the SN sub-networks was identified in the ESPS group. These convergent morphological and functional deficits in SN were significantly associated with hallucinations. Additionally, illness duration correlated with reduced GMV in the left AI in ESPS. In conclusion, these findings provide convergent evidence for the morphological and functional abnormalities of the SN in ESPS. Moreover, the association of illness duration with the reduced GMV in the left AI suggests that the SN and the AI, in particular, may manifest progressive morphological changes that are especially important in the emergence of ESPS. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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