Journal
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
Volume 121, Issue 1-3, Pages 15-23Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2010.05.034
Keywords
High-risk; Psychosis; Intelligence; Executive function; Memory; Scholastic achievement
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Funding
- KRL by a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) [CDF/08/01/015]
- Bial Foundation [36/06]
- NARSAD Young Investigator Award
- British Medical Association Margaret Temple Award
- NIHR Specialist Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London and Maudsley National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust and Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research [CDF/01/015] Funding Source: researchfish
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Background: We previously developed a novel method of identifying children aged 9-12 years who may be at elevated risk of developing schizophrenia and the spectrum disorders because they present a triad of putative antecedents of schizophrenia (ASz). The present study aimed to determine whether ASz children also present neurocognitive deficits that are commonly observed in patients with schizophrenia. Methods: Twenty-eight ASz children and 28 typically-developing (TD) children without the antecedents of schizophrenia completed a battery of neurocognitive tests assessing seven domains of function: General intelligence, scholastic achievement, verbal memory, visual memory, working memory, executive function (EF)-verbal fluency, and EF-inhibition. Results: Relative to TD children, the ASz group showed poorer performance on all neurocognitive tests (mean Cohen's d effect size = 0.52). In linear regression analyses, group status (ASz vs. TD) significantly predicted scores on the general intelligence, verbal memory, working memory, and EF-inhibition domains (p<0.05). The severity of problems on each of the individual antecedents comprising the antecedent triad did not relate strongly to performance on the neurocognitive domains. Conclusions: Children aged 9-12 years who present multiple antecedents of schizophrenia display poorer neurocognition than healthy peers on several domains showing pronounced, deficits in schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis, and youth with prodromal symptoms. Longitudinal follow-up is necessary to determine the extent to which poorer neurocognitive performance is specific to those who develop schizophrenia. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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